Chromolaena odorata is a species of flowering shrub in the sunflower family, asteraceae. Siam weed,bitter your kokua is needed to prevent its spread and bush, devil weed, rey del todo and others protect people and our native plants and animals. Chromolaena odorata, a neotropical plant, has spread throughout humid tropical asia. It impacts negatively on biodiversity conservation, forestry and agriculture due to its rapid rate of spread, fast growth and hence an ability to transform habitats. Tumbuhan ini merupakan gulma padang rumput yang penyebarannya sangat luas di indonesia tidak hanya di lahan kering atau pegunungan, tetapi juga di lahan rawa dan lahan basah. Chromolaena odorata is a perennial shrub native to tropical america. Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical species of flowering shrub in the sunflower family. A risk assessment of chromolaena odorata for the pacific region was prepared by pacific island ecosystems at risk pier using the australian risk assessment system pheloung, 1995. Invasive alien plant species such as chromolaena odorata have negative impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem services and human wellbeing. Species composition, functional and phylogenetic distances.
Several parts of this plant widely used to treat wound, burns, skin infections as well as to possess anticancer, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, antiinflammatory. Common names include communist pacha siam weed, christmas bush, devil weed. Chromolaena is known by a large number of mostly local vernacular names, in. Postintroduction evolution contributes to the successful. Chromolaena in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Bitter bush, jack in the bush, chromolaena, siam weed, triffid weed spanish. Names of chromolaena odorata in various languages of. Chromolaena odorata is one of herbs belongs to asteraceae, sunflower family, synonyms to eupatorium odoratum act as a traditional medicinal plant. Chromolaena odorata is a fastgrowing perennial shrub, native to south america and central america. It was first introduced into india as an ornamental plant in the middle of the 19th century and has now become one of the most invasive species in southern china. The name is derived from the greek word khroma, meaning color, and the latin word laena, meaning cloak.
Department of agriculture agricultural research service. A comprehensive coverage of the distribution and ecology of the plant can be found on the invasive species specialist group database. It is native to north america, from florida and texasto mexico and the caribbean, and has been introduced to tropical asia, west africa, and parts of australia. The colour is pale lilac but appear white from a distance and turn a darker lilac when mature. It is an analgesics t herbaceous perennial that grows to a height of three meters in open situation and up to eight meters when assumed a. Chromolaena odorata is a scrambling perennial shrub, with straight, pithy, brittle stems which branch readily, bear threeveined, ovatetriangular leaves placed oppositely, and. Chromolaena odorata herb uses, benefits, cures, side. Plants profile for chromolaena odorata jack in the bush. List of various diseases cured by chromolaena odorata. The species is present in the species is present in north queensland, and was the target of a national costshare eradication program until 2012. Chromolaena odorata l king and robinson also osmia odorata l.
It has been introduced into the tropical regions of asia, africa and the pacific, where it is an invasive weed. Methods study species chromolaena odorata originates from south and central america and has invaded a wide variety of 608 m. Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical species of flowering shrub in the sunflower. Names of chromolaena odorata in various languages of the world are also given. The plant was popularized by its effective wound healing property. Successful biological control of chromolaena odorata asteraceae by the gall fly cecidochares connexa diptera. It occasionally reaches its maximum height of 6 m as climber on other vegetation. Chromolaena odorata or siam weed is called ewe akintola or ewe awolowo, and obuinenawa by the yoruba and igbo tribe of nigeria respectively. It occasionally reaches its maximum height of 6m as a climber on other plants. Materials and methods collection of samples the medicinal plant used in this study was the leaves chromolaena odorata siam weed. Paper open access description of chromolaena odorata l. Its common names include awolowo, independence weed, siam weed, triffid weed, bitter bush or jack in the bush okon and amalu, 2003. Its small flowerheads about 3 mm across are pale pink or mauve in colour and are.
It is anticipated that the gall fly will continue to spread and reduce the impact of chromolaena in png. Chromolaena odorata l king and robinson belongs to the family asteraceae and is known locally in nigeria through many common names as awolowo, siam weed, elizabeth weed, obirakara, olorohuru and independence weed 1. Chromolaena odorata was found in open welldrained ground like dry and exposed slopes, roadway gullies, and in abandoned fields and pastures throughout the zamboanga peninsula. Chromolaena odorata is a rapidly growing perennial herb. King and robinson asteraceae, formerly known as eupatorium odoratum l. Field release of cecidochares procecidochares connexa. Invasion effects of chromolaena odorata on soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in a tropical savanna hui wei, 1,2,3 jialin xu,1 guoming quan,3,4 jiaen zhang,1,2,3, and zhong qin 1,2,3 1department of ecology, college of natural resources and environment, south china agricultural university, guangzhou 510642 china 2key laboratory of agroenvironment in the tropics, ministry of agriculture. It has soft stems but the base of the shrub is woody. It is spreading and has the potential to transform landscapes. Chromolaena odorata is considered invasive weed of field crops in its introduced range, and has. The antimicrobial properties have made it a popular choice. Robinson, is a neotropical asteraceae considered to be one of the most aggressive invasive plants in tropical and subtropical areas.
Flowers are in clusters of 1035 pale pinkmauve tubular lowers, 10 mm long, found at the ends of branches. It was transferred to the genus chromolaena by king and robinson 1970, and although this conception of the tribe eupatorieae has met some disagreement among botanists, the new binomial of chromolaenaodorata l. Chromolaena odorata is a plant species native to north, central, and south america, but is a noxious invasive perennial herb or subshrub throughout much of asia, oceania, and africa. Chromolaena odorata to inhibit klebsiella pneumonia while the ethanol extract was only able to inhibit escherichia coli at a concentration of 150200mgml. How chromolaena odorata is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Nutritional and potential medicinal value of chromolaena. Jack in the bush general description chromolaena odorata is an herbaceous perennial that forms dense tangled bushes 1. Distribution, ecology and management of chromolaena odorata. Until the early 1970s, chromolaena was known as eupatorium odoratum l. Chromolaena odorata is a deciduous subshrub in north america. Physical removal of the basalroot ball is very efective invades creeks, riverbanks and remnant patches of rainforests. It refers to the colored phyllaries of some species. Successful biological control of chromolaena odorata by.
Field release of cecidochares procecidochares connexa macquart. King and robinson, asteraceae in guam and the northern mariana islands. Chromolaena odorata is a weed that is traditionally used for the treatment of various. Introduced, naturalised or invasive in east africa. Several parts of this plant widely used to treat wound, burns, skin infections as well as to possess anticancer, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
Chromolaena odorata siamweed this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. The paired of branches grow freely through the main stem. In shady areas it becomes etiolated and behaves as a creeper, growing on other vegetation. Ecological impacts of this shrub are relatively well understood, but its impacts on local livelihoods and perceptions are poorly documented. It eventually becomes more shrublike, producing long, rambling stems that can be 7 metres or more long. Chromolaena odorata is regarded as an environmental weed in many parts of the world.
Chromolaena odorata is an asteraceae with illfated consequences in some regions of cameroon because of its high capacity of spreading and invasion. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. We used biomass fraction of chromolaena odorata, an invasive species in tropical and subtropical areas, as a measure of invasion success in a series of artificial communities varying in species richness. Chromolaena odorata is invasive in parts of kenya, tanzania and uganda a. A study realized between mabele and meiganga, in the forestsavanna transition zones located on the right bank of the river lom. Africa, the western pacific and a small area in northern australia. Gautier 54 the use of chromolaena odorata as fallow in a semlpermanentcropping system ln southwest cote divoire. Chloromolaena odorata was screened for its phytochemical properties and pharmacological activities.
It has been nominated as among 100 of the worlds worst invaders by the iucn invasive species specialist group and it has been listed as a noxious weed in south africa prohibited plants that must be controlled. The result is a score of 34 and a recommendation of. Reported as one of the worlds most invasive, it is considered to be a serious weed in central and western. This website focuses on the biological control of the invasive alien plant chromolaena odorata. Biological control of chromolaena odorata invasive. It is native to the americas, from florida and texas in the united states south through mexico and the caribbean to south america, it has been introduced to tropical asia, west africa, parts of australia. Chromolaena odorata herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Chromolaena odorata, dpph, minerals, phytochemicals, reducing power 1.
Introduction affects agricultural production, particularly small chromolaena odorata l. Successful biological control of chromolaena odorata by the. Asteraceae synonyms as eupatorium odoratum is a traditional medicinal plant. Chromolaena odorata is a fastgrowing perennial shrub, native to. Chromolaena odorata, previously called eupatorium odoratum is known to have originated from south and central america and is commonly called siam weed, triffid weed, bitter bush or jack in the bush 3. To understand the use of chromolaena odorata in different agricultural systems and. May 28, 2018 we used biomass fraction of chromolaena odorata, an invasive species in tropical and subtropical areas, as a measure of invasion success in a series of artificial communities varying in species richness. It is an herbaceous perennial forms dense tangled bush up to 2 min in height. It can also grow under dense rainforest flowering is triggered by the shorter day lengths in winter.
Several parts of this plant widely used to treat wound, burns, skin infections as well as to possess anticancer, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, anti. Antimirobial effects of chromolaena odorata on some human. Siam weed or chromolaena chromolaena odorata current potential siam weed or chromolaena chromolaena odorata siam weed or chromolaena chromolaena odorata the problem siam weed is on the alert list for environmental weeds, a list of 28 nonnative plants that threaten biodiversity and cause other environmental damage. Guam in 1985, four international workshops on the biological control of c. Eupatorieae, commonly called chromolaena, is a sprawling shrub that has become one of the worst invasive terrestrial weeds in the humid tropics and subtropics of the old world figure 1. Invasion effects of chromolaena odorata on soil carbon and. The chemical analyses of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of the leaves of chromolaena adorata siam weed was carried out to assess the possible utilization of the plant leaf as food and medicine. Also known as siam weed, it forms dense stands that prevent the establishment of other plant species. Pdf chromolaena, or siam weed, is a serious problem in several tropical and subtropical areas around the world. Its small flowerheads about 3 mm across are pale pink or mauve in colour and are borne in dense clusters at the tips of the branches. Phytochemical analysis, mineral composition and in vitro. Adults live for up to 14 days and are active in the morning, mating on siam weed and then ovipositing in the buds. Distribution and abundance of the invasive plant species. Nabo2 1department of employment, economic development and innovation, biosecurity queensland.
Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in chromolaena odorata. Members of the genus are native to the americas, from the southern united states to south america especially brazil. The arrowheadshaped leaves are 612 cm in length and 37 cm in width, with three veins in a pitchfork appearance. Table of contents table des matieres preface vil preface viii the status of chromoaena odorata l. Chromolaena odorata has long been referred to as eupatorium odoratum. Siam weed chromolaena odorata is a large upright, terrestrial plant 1. Seeds are brown to black, 45 mm long, with parachute like tuft of white hairs at the top of the seed and ine barbs. King and robinson asteraceae chromolaena is a woody shrub native. Chromolaena belongs to the family asteraceae of the magnoliopsida. The results obtained showed that the leaves contained carbohydrate 1. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Communities were constructed using species from mexico native range or china non. King and robinson 1987, a species of asteraceae family and known in english as siam weed, is a perennial shrub, native to central and south america 1. Introduction chromolaena odorata l king and robinson belongs to the family asteraceae and is known locally in nigeria through many common names as awolowo, siam weed, elizabeth weed, obirakara, olorohuru and independence weed 1.
This weed is a perennial shrub belonging to the aster family which flourish in most soils and is found abundantly along road sides, on waste land. Chromolaena is a genus of about 165 species of perennials and shrubs in the family asteraceae. Efficacy of chromolaena odorata leaf extracts for the healing of rat. Chromolaena odorata lady bird johnson wildflower center.
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